Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1950)
In 1911, Frederick Taylor published his book The Principles of Scientific Management that conceived of a method for shortening the amount of time a task took by studying workers doing the task and removing non-productive time.
Taylor called his method Scientific Management, which used time and motion studies to find the one best way to accomplish a task.
No one can be found who will deny that in the case of any single individual the greatest prosperity can exist only when that individual has reached his highest state of efficiency; that is, when he is turning out his largest daily output.
The truth of this fact is also perfectly clear in the case of two men working together. To illustrate: if you and your workman have become so skilful that you and he together are making two pairs of shoes in a day, while your competitor and his workman are making only one pair, it is clear that after selling your two pairs of shoes you can pay your workman much higher wages than your competitor who produces only one pair of shoes is able to pay his man, and that there will still be enough money left over for you to have a larger profit than your competitor.
- Frederick Taylor